{"id":7538,"date":"2024-07-15T11:15:47","date_gmt":"2024-07-15T09:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/niryo.com\/?p=7538"},"modified":"2024-07-15T11:55:07","modified_gmt":"2024-07-15T09:55:07","slug":"industrie-4-0-passe-present-futur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/niryo.com\/fr\/industrie-4-0-passe-present-futur\/","title":{"rendered":"Industrie 4.0 : pass\u00e9, pr\u00e9sent, futur"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’industrie 4.0, \u00e9galement connue sous le nom \u00ab\u00a0smart factories\u00a0\u00bb (usines intelligentes), est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la prochaine r\u00e9volution industrielle. En fait, elle a d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4.0 ? Cela signifie-t-il qu’il y a eu trois r\u00e9volutions industrielles avant ? Exactement, et c’est ce dont nous parlons en ce moment :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Les 3 premi\u00e8res r\u00e9volutions industrielles<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Premi\u00e8re r\u00e9volution industrielle<\/strong><\/h3>\n

La premi\u00e8re r\u00e9volution industrielle (fin du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle) est connue pour tous les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans la cr\u00e9ation de syst\u00e8mes plus puissants avec des sources d’\u00e9nergie transform\u00e9es. L’extraction du charbon et les machines \u00e0 vapeur<\/strong> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es pour augmenter la productivit\u00e9 et cr\u00e9er des produits plus sophistiqu\u00e9s. L’industrie<\/strong> m\u00e9tallurgique<\/strong> est n\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 cela. C’\u00e9tait \u00e9galement l’\u00e9poque des machines \u00e0 coudre.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9volution industrielle<\/strong><\/h3>\n

La deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9volution industrielle a eu lieu entre 1890 et 1910. La lampe \u00e0 incandescence<\/strong> a \u00e9t\u00e9 invent\u00e9e et l’utilisation de l’essence a tout chang\u00e9. La production d’aluminium<\/strong> a \u00e9galement d\u00e9marr\u00e9. Aujourd’hui, l’aluminium est tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandu, mais n’oublions pas qu’il n’a que 200 ans ! (et 100 ans pour la production industrielle).<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La partie la plus impressionnante et la plus m\u00e9morable de cette r\u00e9volution est le d\u00e9but de l’automatisation dans les usines,<\/strong> principalement dans l’arm\u00e9e ainsi que l’industrie automobile. Qui n’a pas entendu parler d’Henry Ford et du fordisme<\/strong> ?<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Troisi\u00e8me r\u00e9volution industrielle<\/strong><\/h3>\n

La troisi\u00e8me r\u00e9volution industrielle a commenc\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 et se poursuit encore aujourd’hui. Un nouveau type de ressource est apparu pour la production massive d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 : l’\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, les usines ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper davantage d\u2019automatisation \u00e0 l’aide de syst\u00e8mes robotis\u00e9s<\/strong>, tels que des bras robotiques.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C’est aussi le d\u00e9but des technologies num\u00e9riques dans la vie quotidienne<\/strong>. Les ordinateurs personnels, mais aussi les micro-ordinateurs dans tous les syst\u00e8mes que nous utilisons (guichets automatiques, voitures, maison connect\u00e9e, etc.). Apr\u00e8s les ordinateurs personnels, c’\u00e9tait le temps des smartphones, des tablettes et des objets portables connect\u00e9s. Et tout est li\u00e9 \u00e0 une chose : Internet<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La technologie num\u00e9rique et internet ont beaucoup chang\u00e9 la fa\u00e7on dont nous vivons dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d’aujourd’hui, la fa\u00e7on dont nous produisons, la fa\u00e7on dont nous consommons, la fa\u00e7on dont nous partageons l’information.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L’industrie 4.0 fait directement suite \u00e0 la troisi\u00e8me r\u00e9volution industrielle et a d\u00e9but\u00e9 il y a quelques ann\u00e9es. Il s’agit en quelque sorte d’un m\u00e9lange de toutes les technologies pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment cr\u00e9\u00e9es. Mais au lieu de les utiliser s\u00e9par\u00e9ment, on les am\u00e9liore et on les m\u00e9lange pour cr\u00e9er un \u00ab super syst\u00e8me d’automatisation \u00bb, afin de fournir un service compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rent.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Avec l’av\u00e8nement de technologies \u00e9mergentes telles que le cloud computing, l’internet des objets ou le big data<\/strong>, nous avons vu appara\u00eetre de nouveaux syst\u00e8mes. Vous avez peut-\u00eatre entendu parler des syst\u00e8mes cyber-physiques,<\/strong> qui sont des syst\u00e8mes mondiaux dans lesquels les technologies susmentionn\u00e9es collaborent avec des syst\u00e8mes physiques, afin d’accro\u00eetre la productivit\u00e9, la r\u00e9activit\u00e9, les interactions homme-robot, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

En cr\u00e9ant un super-syst\u00e8me, avec une int\u00e9gration \u00e9troite des technologies physiques et num\u00e9riques, nous voyons aujourd’hui de nouveaux types d’usines, appel\u00e9es \u00ab\u00a0smart factories\u00a0\u00bb (usines intelligentes).<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dans une usine de ce type, vous n’avez pas \u00e0 g\u00e9rer chaque robot ind\u00e9pendamment pour automatiser le syst\u00e8me. Chaque partie de l’automatisation est li\u00e9e les unes aux autres, de sorte que chaque robot puisse adapter son comportement \u00e0 son environnement (ces robots sont appel\u00e9s \u00ab cobots<\/strong> \u00bb), et l’usine est presque autonome.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gr\u00e2ce au cloud computing, plusieurs usines peuvent travailler ensemble dans un syst\u00e8me encore plus grand et prendre des d\u00e9cisions d\u00e9centralis\u00e9es<\/strong>. Cela signifie que vous, en tant que personne, ne contr\u00f4lez pas des \u00ab robots \u00bb : vous contr\u00f4lez le syst\u00e8me global. Et cela change tout.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La production peut d\u00e9sormais \u00eatre adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 un client unique ou \u00e0 un petit groupe de clients<\/strong>. Imaginez-vous conduisant une voiture connect\u00e9e. La voiture saura d’elle-m\u00eame (Internet des objets) quand elle aura besoin d’une r\u00e9paration, et contactera automatiquement le garage pour faire une r\u00e9vision ou commander une nouvelle pi\u00e8ce.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Toutes ces informations seront rapport\u00e9es au \u00ab syst\u00e8me global \u00bb<\/strong>, qui les analysera, gr\u00e2ce au big data, et pourra adapter la production dans les usines.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

De plus, avec l’impression 3D, les usines et les cobots cr\u00e9eront des produits personnalis\u00e9s<\/strong>, sans trop augmenter le co\u00fbt de production global.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Toutes ces r\u00e9volutions augmentent la productivit\u00e9 des usines, permettent de cr\u00e9er des produits nouveaux ou meilleurs, et changent la vie des gens.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Mais il ne s’agit souvent que d’usines.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La prochaine \u00e9tape est la d\u00e9mocratisation de la robotique.<\/strong> Les robots sortiront des usines (dans des bo\u00eetes, pas en volant comme dans Iron Man) et feront partie de la vie quotidienne. Les gens verront leur vie changer avec l’industrie 4.0, non seulement avec de nouveaux produits, mais aussi avec tous les nouveaux services qui l’entourent. Les usines ne seront pas les seules \u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de l’industrie 4.0.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Chez Niryo, nous pensons \u00e9galement qu’il faut aller plus loin et rendre la technologie robotique accessible \u00e0 tous.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Et si vous pouviez poss\u00e9der et utiliser votre propre robot de type industrie pour am\u00e9liorer votre vie quotidienne, cr\u00e9er de nouveaux produits personnalis\u00e9s, apprendre, enseigner la technologie…<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’industrie 4.0, \u00e9galement connue sous le nom \u00ab\u00a0smart factories\u00a0\u00bb (usines intelligentes), est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la prochaine r\u00e9volution industrielle. En fait, elle a d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9.   4.0 ? Cela signifie-t-il qu’il y a eu trois r\u00e9volutions industrielles avant ? Exactement, et c’est ce dont nous parlons en ce moment : \u00a0   Les 3 premi\u00e8res r\u00e9volutions […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":146,"featured_media":7534,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[80,81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-autour-de-la-robotique","category-apprendre-sur-la-robotique"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIndustrie 4.0 : pass\u00e9, pr\u00e9sent, futur - Niryo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/niryo.com\/fr\/industrie-4-0-passe-present-futur\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Industrie 4.0 : pass\u00e9, pr\u00e9sent, futur - Niryo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L’industrie 4.0, \u00e9galement connue sous le nom \u00ab\u00a0smart factories\u00a0\u00bb (usines intelligentes), est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la prochaine r\u00e9volution industrielle. 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